20 Finance Research Project Topics on Real Estate

20 Finance Research Project Topics on Real Estate If a Google search brings you to the page which you are currently reading - this page - then it means you are either having some difficulties coming up with finance research topics in the real estate industry for your academic or corporate project. And if that is definitely the case, then you have just found a gold mine for this was written just for you. Today’s article is the second part in the series of articles discussing finance in the real estate sector and the important role having some financial backing plays for both parties who take part in making the sector grow. In the article preceding this, some important facts covering the subject of finance and real estate were outlined to help project writers discuss intelligently on the topic. This follow-up will not only provide 20 topics but will also include a sample research project that expatriates on one of the provided topics to serve as a sample for anyone confused on how to proceed with his or her project. Lastly, a set of guidelines on understanding time management and its importance when writing or handling a research project will be provided to help you efficiently create something brilliant that will guarantee you earn top marks. So shall we begin? The Importance of Finance to the Real Estate Industry The Impact of a Fluctuating Economy on the Real Estate Industry The 2007 Economic Recession and Its Effect on Real Estate Sources of Real Estate Finance and Their Impact on Society Real Estate Investment and the Role of Commercial Banks Real Estate Investment and the Impact of Credit Unions Problems of Financing Real Estate in the United States Corporate Loans and Commercial Real Estate Financing Analysing the Challenges and Prospects in Real Estate Investing Fundamentals of Real Estate Financing Models Disentangling the Geography of Finance and Real Estate Real Estate Finance and Investment Fundamentals How the Mortgage Constant Works in Real Estate Finance Real Estate Finance Investments Risks and Opportunities Real Estate Equity and Debt Financing The Role of Banks, Equity Markets, and Institutional Investors in Developing Real Estate Policy Framework for Building Sustainable Real Estate Markets Real Estate Market Developments the Financial Sector Protecting Value in Real Estate: Managing Investment Risks The Language of Commercial Real Estate Finance Choosing a finance research project topic in real estate has never been made easier than this for here are 20 excellent topics you can consider using or modifying for your own project. These topics are quite easy to work on due to the large amount of research materials out there covering each and every outlined topic. As stated earlier, more help is on the way in getting you started on writing your own project and this will be in the form of a sample research project which takes its direction from one of the topics provided on the list. Sample Essay: The Impact of a Fluctuating Economy on the Real Estate Industry The real estate sector is one that plays an important role in the quality of life experienced in a country and this is why governments all around the world ensure that policies are put in place to help its citizens secure real estate for both commercial and residential buildings within legal frameworks. My research paper will focus on exploring the impact of a nation’s economy on its real estate sector, using facts and figures to show that fluctuations in any economy will affect the pricing and cost of owning a home in the affected society. The real estate sector has always been responsible for a considerable amount of a nation’s GDP and in China, statistics show that an increase in the pricing of real estate structures and lands led to an increase in the reported GDP in that time period. These studies which were conducted in 2009, showed that due to a growth in China’s economy, expenditure from its real estate sector accounted for 7.5% of its GDP- up from 3.5% in 1997- which inevitably led to an increase in the pricing of its real estate assets by approximately 16% between the years 1997 to 2009. Also, in the United States, the great recession which occurred between the year 2007 to 2009 saw a 5% drop of the US GDP and this led to a corresponding loss in the value of real estate assets in the US by approximately 20 to 50% across board. The great recession not only led to a loss of real estate value but massive foreclosures due to inability to re-pay loans occurred across the country. And by 2009, the foreclosure problem was so bad that the US witnessed more foreclosures than marriages through the year. The banking sector- which is the financial backbone of the real estate sector- also follows the fluctuation trend outlined above. Studies show that during a time of economic growth, commercial banks look favourably on extending loan facilities to aid real estate purchases while in times of recession, the opposite occurs. An apt example was the availability of 100% loan facilities made available for buyers during the economic boom of the 90’s and the gloom that followed after during the 2007 recession. This trend is the one that continued for generations and does not look like it’s going to stop anytime soon. Thereby proving that the status of a nation’s economy influences its real estate industry in direct proportion and a strong economy will give birth to a solid real estate sector just as a weak economy will negatively affect the value of real estate assets during the same duration. Due to the fact that the primary lenders - banks - of money to the real estate industry as well as unemployment rates and job cuts reflect negatively on a nation’s GDP and this trickles down across all industries including the real estate sector. Here we come to the end of the 2nd article in our series on research project topics on the subject of finance in real estate. We hope this article provided some answers to your questions and for more clarification on writing a project, do not hesitate to read the third article in the proposed series as well as our initial piece 10 facts on finance research. References: Baker, H Peter, C. (2012). Public Real Estate Markets and Investments, 170-175. https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=ltf1AwAAQBAJpg=PA175lpg=PA175dq=real+estate+finance+and+investments+pdfsource=blots=K_z9ncTJersig=WeBvUdBfGLnKwi2rvVwRrX3ILxohl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwi0jdq405nOAhVpCsAKHTaXCho4ChDoAQhIMAY#v=onepageq=real%20estate%20finance%20and%20investments%20pdff=false Tracey, S. (2007). Introduction to Real Estate Finance and Investment. http://classic.marshall.usc.edu/assets/031/8122.pdf Wang, K. (2007). The Interaction between Real Estate and National Economy. Coulson, E. Kim, S. (2000). Residential investment, non-residential investment and GDP. Real Estate Economics, 28(2). Geng, X. Xie, C. (2006). Research of relationship between Chinas real estate investment and the national economy. National Bureau of Statistics. (2006). Chinas fixed asset investment statistics Code. Beijing: China Statistics Press. Emoh, I. Nwachukwu, C.   (2011). Critical Issues In Real Estate Finance as an Index in Building Construction Project Management Success in Nigeria

Free Essays on Homeless

In the article, â€Å"Are the Homeless Crazy,† from the book, Rachel and Her Children, which was published in 1988, Jonathan Kozol challenges the widely accepted claim that homelessness is a result of deinstitutionalization that took place in the 1970s. Jonathan states that â€Å"those who work among the homeless† believe the principal cause of homelessness is economic, due to the shortage of low income housing, and wages to lease them. They cite decreasing welfare benefits to families with children, and the lack of entry-level jobs to justify their claim. Jonathan further explains that every year low income housing units are being converted to condominiums and office buildings, an effect of the â€Å"accelerated gentrification of our major cities,† while the families in the remaining units are being charged more rent, forcing many into the streets. He indicates the results of a study published by the Massachusetts Medical Society, that mental illness only ac counts for 12% of the illnesses among the homeless, excluding alcohol and drug abuse. He believes that mental illness in the United States bears a â€Å"stigma,† that society assumes the homeless are mentally ill because it is easier for us to blame the problem on an uncontrollable mental illness then to accept responsibility and try to help, and we do not want to feel guilty for renting or purchasing those newly renovated condominiums. Jonathan argues that mental illness does not make people homeless that being homeless make people mentally ill. He gives an example of a woman protesting the eviction from her home, on a Manhattan traffic island who was ridiculed as a â€Å"paranoid in the street,† by a reporter, who lacked any psychiatric training, and yet no one offered to help her. Jonathan thinks that we are too hesitant to judge, he points out that some psychiatrists believe that not showing anger, after being evicted, would be a greater illness. He concludes t hat politicians... Free Essays on Homeless Free Essays on Homeless In the article, â€Å"Are the Homeless Crazy,† from the book, Rachel and Her Children, which was published in 1988, Jonathan Kozol challenges the widely accepted claim that homelessness is a result of deinstitutionalization that took place in the 1970s. Jonathan states that â€Å"those who work among the homeless† believe the principal cause of homelessness is economic, due to the shortage of low income housing, and wages to lease them. They cite decreasing welfare benefits to families with children, and the lack of entry-level jobs to justify their claim. Jonathan further explains that every year low income housing units are being converted to condominiums and office buildings, an effect of the â€Å"accelerated gentrification of our major cities,† while the families in the remaining units are being charged more rent, forcing many into the streets. He indicates the results of a study published by the Massachusetts Medical Society, that mental illness only ac counts for 12% of the illnesses among the homeless, excluding alcohol and drug abuse. He believes that mental illness in the United States bears a â€Å"stigma,† that society assumes the homeless are mentally ill because it is easier for us to blame the problem on an uncontrollable mental illness then to accept responsibility and try to help, and we do not want to feel guilty for renting or purchasing those newly renovated condominiums. Jonathan argues that mental illness does not make people homeless that being homeless make people mentally ill. He gives an example of a woman protesting the eviction from her home, on a Manhattan traffic island who was ridiculed as a â€Å"paranoid in the street,† by a reporter, who lacked any psychiatric training, and yet no one offered to help her. Jonathan thinks that we are too hesitant to judge, he points out that some psychiatrists believe that not showing anger, after being evicted, would be a greater illness. He concludes t hat politicians...

Legal Brief Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legal Brief - Case Study Example The verdict in this case, is to determine whether it is illegal to advertise through commercial emails using multiple domain names to avoid spam filter (Supreme Court of California). Internet is global networkings in computers, which enable millions of world populace to communicate and access information. Referring to a case on Reno v. civil liberties union (1997) 521 U.S. 844 for internet to operate, each connected entity must have a unique identity called IPA. However, because it is a bit difficult to recall IP addresses, internet community came up with domain names system to serve the same purpose. The domain names directly identify the individual or the organization (Supreme Court of California). In 2007, Craig E. kleffman filed a suit against Vonage holdings corp. in the District Court under section 17529.5 of Professions Code only to loss to Vonage (Supreme Court of California). Kleffman claimed that Vonage holdings had sent him eleven emails on the same subject from different domain names tracing back to Vonage marketing agent. By doing this, Vonage managed to trick the spam filter and internet service provider that was responsible for monitoring the number of sent emails from individual domain name. He concluded that Vonage deliberately created multiple domain names to reduce the number of emails from each domain name and at the same time tricked the internet service providers that the emails originated from different senders. Vonage use of several domain names is misleading and untrue because it does not identify the right sender. However, the case was dismissed because kleffman did not give any occurrence of misleading or false information in the content of any of the emails. Kleffman however, appealed to the court of apples, which under the California rule of court 8.548 the ninth Circuit, asked them to decide. â€Å"In accordance to section 17529.5(A)

Family Food Menu Simulation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Family Food Menu Simulation - Assignment Example It is therefore important to note that this is a better that can help in the making of the life better by reducing the individual’s spending habits in a family and thereby making life to seem less costly (Hatmut, 2007). Another important point that cannot go without highlighting is that this paper delves on the people or families that are living in the poverty threshold. Family threshold can be defined as the minimum and the lowest level of income that is considered in a given economy. This is the lowest wage rate that is paid in a given economy and so the paper discusses how these families that are falling in this category can manage to survive and make ends meet in their normal life situation and also how they can eat healthy meals that are also nutritious for the better of their health. This paper has therefore provided reliable information concerning this and has even provided a menu that such families can use for the whole week to eat healthy meals (Hatmut, 2007). In the selection of the family profile, the profile that will be appropriate for the discussion in the paper is a profile that has four people. In this profile, it is important to highlight that the make up for the family is that there is one male, one female and two children. It is also important to highlight that the ages are that the adults, that is the male and the female are at the ages of 20 to 50 years and that the children are at the ages of 8 years and 15 years of ages. It is quite important to note that in nutrition concept, there is need for the consumers to determine their meals of consumption based on the age. This is so because of the differences in the rates of the body metabolism that they undergo in the living (Hatmut, 2007). Age is a vital factor that should always be put into consideration before the preparation of any menu for the family. It is also important to note that besides the age factor, it is also important to note that

Distributive Justice Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Distributive Justice - Term Paper Example The benefits are obvious in that everyone potentially has the same chance and ability as a result of the use of distributive justice. The drawbacks are also clear however, in that this approach means that the individual’s property may not in fact be theirs, which can lead one to potentially question the idea of the individual’s right to own property in the United States today. Robert Nozick would argue that while there is a place for government that place should not extend to property. He promoted the idea that the majority cannot take from the minority unless they agree to it. Justice was outlined with three principles by Nozick, the principle of justice in acquisition, principle of justice in transfer and principle of the rectification of injustice. These principles were all sound, and when presented with a set amount of property and an increasing population the principle of transfer becomes important. Each individual may share what they have however; none of the indi viduals can be forced by the governing body to do so. Each individual can purchase property or trade for property from another but no individual can be forced to do so. Nozick stated, â€Å"The principle of distribution in accordance with moral merit is a patterned historical principle, which specifies a patterned distribution† (156). With less government intervention as he sees it is possible to see some parts of society have more property than another, however, if everyone is working to provide for and purchase property with the intent of generating either personal gain or simply a stable life for one’s family unit than these patterns as Nozick says would adjust themselves based on need and the natural tendency of society as an entity’s to grow and change. The principle of justice in acquisition was directly connected to the principle of justice in transfer for Nozick. He saw that some people steal, defraud, enslave, seize and utilize force to exclude others f rom competing. It was his idea that none of these were beneficial or right. However, contrary to his approach and views regarding the right or wrongness of these others actions he still supported the use of state based decision making with regards to what is fair or not. He wrote, "Social and economic inequalities are to be arranged so that they are to be of greatest benefit to the least-advantaged members of society." And yet he also believed that stealing, defrauding, enslaving and more were wrong. If we use a distributive approach as he would have us do we are in fact ensuring that the less fortunate will gain much needed items, however, we are also ensuring that the state is made to forcibly or through the threat of force take from others to supply this. While the idea of distributive justice is a fair minded one it is a difficult approach to rectify when attempting to prevent civil crimes or crimes against the individual. We see by looking at Nozicks approach that it is impossi ble to promote absolute equality without taking from someone which in turn immediately discards the idea of equality. While the balance has been accomplished with product and property there will now be impropriety within the system of law which translates to inequality within the law. This approach would in effect cause the state to be a criminal simply by its

Low employee satisfaction in Air Arabia

Low employee satisfaction in Air Arabia Air Arabia was launched in 2005 as one of the initiatives in low cost carriers segment in Middle East. Over the period of time it was able to build up a remarkable company name in the market along with a firm financial record of its own. After introducing problems related to Political, Social, Environmental and Technological (PEST) aspects of Air Arabia, this part concentrates on analyzing these problems with the help of basic organizational behavior theories. The report is divided in four sections, each one for Political, Social, Environmental and Technological aspects. In each section, OB concern of the problem followed by the problem from the case and the explanation is mentioned. People: Problem Statement: In previous section we discovered a problem that employees in Air Arabia were not satisfied with the low financial benefits provided against their high performance. Problem Highlight: Performance based Incentives Performance based incentives: This is a problem of pay for performance scheme. In pay for performance or say performance based incentive system, employees are rewarded in accordance to their performance. Now the problem is that employees can never be satisfied with the outcome of this particular form of reward system. This can be understood by Equity theory. Equity theory states that employees use to compare their position (here rewards) with those of other employees. So even an organization remain transparent in distributing incentives, until unless the employees themselves become satisfied in light of equity theory, the problem like the incentive problem in pay for performance scheme in Air Arabia remain standing.  [1]   Problem Statement: One of the major problems associated with employees is that company is not able to provide them with long term commitment regarding their performance appraisal and work effectiveness bonus. Problem Highlight: Performance Appraisal Performance appraisal: Performance appraisal is the measure of evaluating the performance of the employees. In air Arabia, the performance appraisal system presently in use incorporates the number of task and time limit of those task accomplished by the employees are recorded  [2]  . This forms the basis of the performance appraisal scheme in the company. (Performance-related pay, 2005) Now the problem in this scheme is that this does not count the quality and situation under which work is carried out. For example, in Air Arabia, the performance scheme is same for sales and administrative staff. Now administrative staff has clear work functions to follow whereas sales staff has to undergo filed work which is more challenging. The targets for sales staff are tougher to achieve than those of administrative staff. Thus the performance appraisal scheme in Air Arabia is not satisfactory and requires other schemes like 360 degree scheme etc  [3]  . Problem Statement: The case shows that Air Arabia exhibits problem of workforce management due to workforce diversity. Problem Highlight: Diversity Diversity: Leaders and managers in Air Arabia do not handle the workforce diversity effectively. In their effort to manage the diversity, they go with equal treatment strategy. In this strategy, each of the employees is treated equally irrespective of its cast, color, race and language they speak. This looks quite fair in first look but the approach is not helpful in country like Dubai. The country has people of different religion and cast, speaking different languages and has different educational schemes and mental aptitude  [4]  . Now the problem is some particular type of employees are always advantageous of this equality approach. For example, the work force of India is more fluent in English than the natives of UAE. UAE culture gives emphasis on Urdu and not English. Now because of low proficiency in English and the equality approach in diversity management, UAE natives are mostly under-rated than few foreign classes of employee. This introduces a sense of dissatisfaction and un-happi ness towards the job. Problem Statement: employees of Lufthansa Air went on strike to improve their working conditions. Problem Highlight: Work Environment Work environment: Work environment is a major constituent of an effective organizational culture. The work environment not only constitutes the physical constituents of the location but also the culture of the work like senior-subordinate relations, type of communication etc  [5]  . The situation here shows that the employees of Lufthansa Air are not satisfied with the work environment and went on strike. The actual reason for the dissatisfaction was companyà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s pressure to work more than the required 8 hours to answer the increasing competition in aviation industry. This decision was not welcomed by the staff as it resulted in more hastiness in job and thus resulted in improper work conditions in the company. (Listening, the Doorway to Employee Commitment, 2005) Environment: Problem statement: Air Arabia had to reduce some of its other expenses like HR expenditure and to make it possible it has reduced intake of employees that had increased work pressure over presently working employees tremendously. Problem Highlight: Work Environment and Employee Shortage Work environment and employee shortage: The problem here is of bad work environment due to excessive work load because of lesser number of employees. The problem was resulted due to high oil prices which forced the company to shrink the workforce. This shrinkage resulted in high pressure on present work culture and thus decreased efficiency of work environment. Problem Statement: High operational cost which is internal factor of employee malfunctioning causing external effect over organization. Problem Highlight: Employee Inefficiency and Lack of Motivation Employee inefficiency: Lack of motivation The employees in Air Arabia were found to be less efficient and thus the company was compiled to increase its fare to sustain pressure of increasing oil prices  [6]  . The main cause of this problem can be lack of motivation in the employees towards the companyà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s growth. If the employees would have been more motivated, they could have been more efficient and thus the problem of price hike because of high operational cost could have been prevented. This is a clear case of less motivated work force. (Listening, the Doorway to Employee Commitment, 2005) Problem Statement: Most of its employees have to work under pressure basically for the sustainability of the organization which has raised the level of employee dissatisfaction in the company Problem Highlight: Employee Dissatisfaction Employee dissatisfaction: There are a number of competitors of Air Arabia in low cost aviation industry which forces employees to work harder with limited resources. This results in greater employee dissatisfaction towards the workplace and more employee turnover rate. Technology: Problem statement: But all these technical advancements have an upper limit beyond which it cannot be stretched, and at that point employee performance comes into picture and has to be taken to its best possible level. Problem Highlight: Employee Training Employee training: The problem here is that when new technology is introduced in the company to cut operational expenses, the work and expectation from the employees also changes a lot. So there is a clear need to employee training. Employees are needed to be trained at new technology so that they are able to be a part of companyà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s cost cutting scheme. Employee training is a necessary part of any organization which needs to be happen periodically  [7]  . Structure: Problem Statement: as employee commitment is an important issue and it cannot be handled by the organization without proper structuring and it is also one of the important issues faced by Air Arabia Problem Highlight: Leadership Leadership: In the case, we found that employees are not committed to the organization. This is the responsibility of the leader to keep the faith of the employees in the organization. Thus the company needs its leaders to take more active role. The leaders in the company need to motivate the employees and to maintain the commitment of the employees in the company. The structuring component in this problem is more of a requirement of a leader  [8]  . Problem Statement: Upper management is facing a problem to retain its entire structure which is similar to the case of Lufthansa Airways. There may be a need for an improved format of organizational behavior needed in this regard that can be provided with the help of proper training Problem Highlight: Training Training: The problem here is that due to the high instability of labor market in airline industry, the company is unable to maintain its talent pool which again is introducing instability in its organizational structure. This instability is supposed to be handled by reducing job turnover rate by more motivational training to its employees  [9]  .

Mythical American Dream Challenged in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesm

Mythical American Dream Challenged in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman      Ã‚   Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman challenges the American dream. Before the Depression, an optimistic America offered the alluring promise of success and riches. Willy Loman suffers from his disenchantment with the American dream, for it fails him and his son. In some ways, Willy and Biff seem trapped in a transitional period of American history. Willy, now sixty-three, carried out a large part of his career during the Depression and World War II. The promise of success that entranced him in the optimistic 1920's was broken by the harsh economic realities of the 1930's. The unprecedented prosperity of the 1950's remained far in the future. Willy Loman represents a uniquely American figure: the traveling salesman. Every week, he takes a journey to stake his bid for success. It would be difficult to miss the survival of the American frontier mentality in the figure of the traveling salesman. The idea of the American dream was heavily influenced by the rush for gold and land in the nineteenth-century American West. It is no coincidence that in the 1950's, the decade most preoccupied with the mythical American dream, America experienced an unprecedented love affair with Westerns. Willy and Linda try to build their own version of the American dream with their family. In high school, Biff was the all-American boy as the captain of the football team. True to the myth of the all-American boy, girls and admiring friends surrounded him. Willy and Linda's lives are full of monthly payments on possessions that symbolize that dream: a car, a home, and household appliances. The proliferation of monthly payments allowed families with modest incomes to h... ...une promised by the American dream. He cannot admit doubt or insecurity because a good salesman always remains confident, and the American dream promises success to the confident, eager individual. Death of a Salesman addresses Willy's struggle to maintain his identity in the face of narrowing hopes that he or his sons will ever fulfill his dreams. Works Cited Baym, Franklin, Gottesman, Holland, et al., eds.   The Norton Anthology of American Literature.   4th ed.   New York: Norton, 1994. Corrigan, Robert W., ed. Arthur Miller.   Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1969. Florio, Thomas A., ed. â€Å"Miller’s Tales.† The New Yorker.   70 (1994): 35-36. Miller, Arthur.   The Archbishop’s Ceiling/The American Clock. New York: Grove Press, 1989. ---.   Death of a Salesman.   New York: Viking, 1965. ---.   Eight Plays.   New York:   Nelson Doubleday, 1981.